According to a report written under the direction of Sir David Weatherall and published in Great Britain in 2006, testings on non-human primates in the research fields of protection against diseases (for instance HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tuberculosis), neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, reproduction biology as well as organ transplantation are still irreplacable on account of their physiological similarities to the human being.

However, research on primates is to be regulated strictly and to be conducted in view of the monkey's well-being. In principle, each petition for trials with non-human primates shall be judged individually and in each test series the opportunity of an alternative given by other animal models or even in-vitro-methods shall be ruled out in advance.